Editing Carillion (section)

== III. Structure and Design ==
	
'''Structure Overview'''
<br />Generally constructed for bell towers,carillons are the heaviest of all extant musical instruments. The bells are usually  made from bronze (80% copper + 20% tin) to produce perfect tone and clarity. Bronze is also much less prone to corrosion and much harder than brass thereby allowing carillons to retain its quality for decades. Carillons are connected through wires to the playing cabin where the clavier is installed. The playing cabin is positioned directly below the bell-chamber so the clavier can be placed in the optimum position relative to the transmission system. The entire system is then housed inside a tower to protect and support the instrument.

<br />'''The Tower'''
<br />The tower which houses at its highest level the bells of the University of the Philippines Memorial Campanile is a 130-feet-tall structure. It was built under the supervision of architect Juan Nakpil, who was hailed as National Artist for Architecture in 1973. The funds for its construction were provided by the UP Alumni Association and certain donors.

The exterior walls of the tower are painted with cream and maroon. It has a very stable foundation and has a system of vertical lines (eight outside, four inside) supporting the structure. The top portion of the tower is an open bellchamber with a small dome ceiling. It houses and displays the bells to the public. A sight of an endless narrow spiral staircase skyward through 5 landings could be seen in the building’s interior. During the First Quarter Storm in 1970’s, the UP Carillon was used as a watchtower by student activists&mdash;its unusual height provided the activists a panoramic view of the campus, which enabled them to spot military trying to barge in.


<br />'''The Bells'''
<br />46 bells were originally installed at the top portion of the tower under the supervision of Professor Adrian Antonisse Jr., a Dutch carilloneur and director of Veendammer Muziekschool in the Netherlands. Those bells were casted by Van Bergen Bell, Chimes and Carillon Foundry. Some of the bells were named after individual donors. On the largest bell&mdash;weighing about 5 tons&mdash;was embossed the names of the officers and the members of the board of directors of the alumni association. The last bell was set place on July 11, 1952.
These bells were tuned to the intervals of the chromatic scale similar to a piano, and having a range of three octaves or more. The bell which has the lowest pitch can weigh many tons. The smaller the size of the bell means the higher the pitch. 

The classic method of playing the carillon is by striking a keyboard called a “clavier” which is similar to an organ except that it uses wooden pegs. According to Prof. Antonisse, one to two years of devoted study is necessary to master the instrument and that it also requires a great deal of muscular effort to play the instrument because the fists (rather than fingers) are used in striking the keys. Each key of the clavier is connected to the clapper of the corresponding bell by means of wires and cranks. Those clappers are sufficient to bring out the full volume of sound required for carillon playing. Pedals are also attached to the levers connected with the heavier bells so that these can be played by foot.

However, as part of UP Alumni Association’s project to restore the UP Carillon in 2008, these 46 old bells have been replaced by 36 new bells that were manufactured by Royal Bell Foundry Petit & Fritsen B.V. Holland. Aside from that, recent development has also allowed for an alternative way of playing the carillon by means of an automatic machine which enables the carillon to play at pre-set hours. The old bells are currently on display at the lobby of the University Theater.



[[Image:Carillon 11.JPG|150px|thumb|left| Carilloneur Mr. Jerry Dadap]]
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! First Five Carilloneurs
|-
| Adrian Antonisse Jr.
|-
| Wesley Tubuyoyong
|-
| Eva Gonzales
|-
| Jerry Dadap
|-
| Tony Regalaria

|}

Table 1 shows the first five Carilloneur of the University of the Philippines. Currently [2011-2012], U.P. Carilloneurs are Malvin Bethooven Macasaet, Bachelor of Music [BM] Conducting graduate pursuing his 3rd degree in BM in Voice, and Jesper Colleen Mercado, BM Piano, both from the U.P. College of Music.